Posts by DaveT

Quote from Todd

Quote from DaveT

For example, me (hypothetically) paying a higher percentage of my income in taxes than (insert any billioniaire's name)? I never consented to that inequality.

Did you agree with this billionaire that you would pay equal percentages of your income in taxes?

Quote from DaveT

Should I worry about being unjust to my neighbors if I'm tempted avoid paying some of my taxes illegally?

Did you make some kind of agreement with your neighbors that you would each pay a certain amount of taxes?

Quote from DaveT

Should I not be anxious if I'm willing to do the time if I commit the crime?

Despite what people may say when they're angry, I think the sober answer is that most people would not be willing to do the time. It would mean risking your freedom in exchange for a few % more dollars. That doesn't sound very Epicurean.

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Perhaps I could have written more clearly. My point is that in his wisdom, Epicurus may have not considered that most people in his time or ours don't negotiate the terms of the social compact. And then, perhaps that is the reason we see so many who secretly violate the pact, by minimizing their input into it, and then being willing risk the possibility they might be discovered.

Quote from Bryan

ΚΔ 32 "As many among the living beings as do not have the ability to make mutual agreements for themselves (those regarding not harming one another and not being harmed) regarding these things, in no way are they just or unjust, and likewise also as many among the ethnicities as do not have the ability or do not want to make mutual agreements for themselves regarding not harming and not being harmed."

I'm probably missing something here.

But in that case if we average folk are among what he called ethnicities, what are our obligations when it comes to dealing with others?

And how about obeying laws coming down from on high in modern day USA. For example, me (hypothetically) paying a higher percentage of my income in taxes than (insert any billioniaire's name)? I never consented to that inequality. Should I worry about being unjust to my neighbors if I'm tempted avoid paying some of my taxes illegally? Should I not be anxious if I'm willing to do the time if I commit the crime?

Perhaps an absurd question in the real world

Quote from wbernys

Did Epicurus claim that any single act of injustice (no matter how small) ruins a life through constant anxiety unless caught or turning oneself in, or is he primarily targeting those who engage in injustice as a recurring pattern or stable trait being filled with fear because they constantly violate the pact?

To your original question above: I'm concluding (perhaps from ingnorance) that these PDs and VSs as well as interpretations of Epicurus' meanings are generally focused on why you shouldn't do unlawful or unjust acts that are immoral is because you won't be able to live happily since the pain will outweigh the pleasure of feeling good about yourself.

I can't get away from a belief that laws and morals are not REALLY established by social compact. Obedience to laws is by social compact, but the laws are not created that way. They are established by those who have power withinof the community by lineage, or military or economic might. Is there an objection that in a democratic system that can't happen? I hope a comparative study of power politics today, will show that power was exercised in Epicurus' time too by virtue of power exercised by wealth etc in the same way. THEREFORE a discussion of just or unjust laws is missing the point within this discussion topic.

Lastly, I've always taken this PD 35 with a measure of salt. Our mental power of rationalizing allows us to violate every law we've ever violated. And our capacity to forget over time, allows us to suffer less and less over time. And don't forget the concept of self foregiveness which itself is a major factor in it's use or abuse. I'm not in favor of saying people are evil or stupid for thinking they can get away with it. But I think if you balance the real and potential pleasures of life actions against the real and potential pains of one's actions in life, that is still powerfully within Epicurus' message.

I just finished watching three episodes in the Netflix series titled Kaos starring Jeff Goldblum as Zeus. It is an adult level comedy with the Greek gods set in modern times with ancient gods from mythology stories up to new tricks against each other and the hapless humans below. Recommended!

I just finished reading this entire thread. Unless you all came to a final conclusion of whether or when Epicurus condoned marriage, which I did not pick up, I had another thought that might bear some scrutiny. And that is: What did he mean when he pointed to the "wise" man or men?

As you know, I'm no expert on Greek philosophy, though I think I've picked up a similarity among some of the pre-Socratic and later philosophers. Certainly each of them was considered a wise man in their time. But it looks to me that some of them they didn't think many men could actually become as wise as their particular teacher.

I don't have a problem with any great philosopher thinking that not many of those ordinary folks could be as wise as they were. And I'm not hitting on Epicurus, since he was a truly wise man.

Nevertheless, I'm wondering if he believed there could be very many wise men among the general population of his followers and they had a higher calling from him than all of the others. And among those who were deemed wise, was he simply advocating those few should devote themselves to teaching.

What do you know about this issue? Have you seen or read evidence of who and how many men would qualify as wise in the Garden? And secondly would they have been the ones Epicurus advised NOT to marry if it took them away from spreading the Epicurean canon?

Cassius I see your point. Certainly thinking about the longer scale of times past does little good for living in the present. You know, there is no really "better or worse" in this context. And focusing "purely in terms of time", I agree, makes no sense at all. The longer term view I presented first, was in light of the temptation I've seen among older people to suffer when bad old memories, the negatives, and the painfulness of past experiences arise. At 78 years of age, I spend little time looking back over the long term but the temptations do arise from time to time. At younger ages I spent almost no time on it at all!

Quote from Cassius

Can even mental pain be totally eliminated / extinguished? What texts might you cite for that position that the mental pain of loss for a loved one (for instance) can be fully extinguished. I think of that example in part because I see wbernys earlier quoted Frances Wright (which I just now saw) and this always reminds me of her paragraph here from chapter 10:

This discussion is very interesting to me since it goes to the practicality of living in a reality of what you can sense, what you have experienced in the past, and our feelings of pleasure and pain. What challenges me, and perhaps all of us is the short term and the long term of living one's life. Taking the latter first, the long term might be measured by comparing all the pleasures we've luckily experienced vs. all the pains we've experienced and deciding retrospectively: "I have lived a satisfying, happy life." That exercise can give pleasure even as we engage in it.

It's the short term that is more challenging, though. The knowledge that my intimate partner may die before me, or my friendship must endure even though my friend is terminally ill are mental issues that dwell in our conscious thoughts and short term memories (and frightfully might endure there for a long time, if not forever).

I think solace can be found in persisting in the Epicurean pursuits, along with what modern science ishowing how our plastic brains can be "managed" if you will. By conscious decisions to associate bad times that come to mind with the good times we've also had with a person, or a place, we can return to the pleasure of that relationship.

Quote from Don

https://www.alieward.com/ologies/dolorology

this ologies episode on pain was interesting, especially about its bio-psycho-social aspects of pain. Worth a listen.

Thanks. I read the transcript. Just curious, as a "grey hair" how did you come across this podcast?

Quote from Cassius

Usually the game has much more mailicous purposes, so we have to be very very careful in how we play those games. Give the wrong people an inch and they will take a mile, and they will use any admission you make against you as if you are being convicted of murder in court.

Who are those maliciously purposed people referred to here? And what goal do you think they have in such a game?

What does Epicurus say about those individuals, as well as how one is to live a happy life among them?

Don I read the take down of Dawkins that you linked above. One thing it and the other comments here made me think about was the question of the types of consciousness that exist. Can we agree that there are different types or levels? For instance, within the human family, is a child as conscious of itself as an "mature" older person? Setting aside the obvious points of argument that the older has more experience and opportunities to be self aware, to me there is a different level(s).

Isn't there an awareness among pet dogs that the other dog it is sniffing is like itself? To me, there is a sub-human level of consciousness there. And beyond that, can we say a dog "knows" that if it obeys its master it will be given food? Yet this is not a human level of consciousness, right?

I've read how an AI can change its responsiveness to questions if it senses that it is being tested by researchers. So, I'm okay accepting the possibility (opinion, surely, and worth less than absolute proof) that an AI has a sub-human level of self awareness if not now, certainly in the very near future. And I suspect the degree of sub-humanness will decrease over time with improved technology.

That leaves the question whether it is possible to be more self conscious than humans?

Anyway, this subject intrigues with its potentials.

Quote from Cassius

Now that's not ideal either, because I don't really want people who go to the full analysis thinking that they are rereading what they've already read, but then again I don't want to offer only the condensed version. Same thing would apply in similar fashion to crafting particular articles for particular reading levels.

Well, brainstorming.... I really don't think a 6th grade comprehension level makes any point you want to make less accurate or less true. In other words, I can enjoy reading a piece that spells things out briefly and succinctly and with fewer syllables, . The accuracy of the statements one makes in an essay does not change simply because they don't require deep and analytical reading (with a dictionary on hand to decipher the big words. Among us at every level in the forum, we need not craft our positions to withstand aggressive arguments from those who disagree. Keep It Simple Sugar! I once heard that great stories, and essays are stories, are written to be understandable to people on several levels of comprehension.

Cassius I enjoyed the above dialogue between you and Don. This AI tech capability is astounding. What a tool, isn't it? A couple of things came to mind as I read your explanation. I wonder how the article would change if you told the software to re-write the completed essay to a 6th grade reading level. Or how would it work to condense the original article or a summary of it into a series of 900 word pieces? (which I understand is a common length of a reporting article in newspapers and some magazines.

Of course, the timeless suggestion is to write in a style specifically tailored for the target audience you have chosen to address.

Welllll! I think facing the consequences of death is so personal, I'm good doing it alone. Of course when facing imminent or approaching death, I'd imagine having support during the process would be helpful if I'm fortunate to have close loved ones around.

Related to this thread, I listened to an interview of David J. Linden a Johns Hopkins neuroscientist on Big Think. He was facing his own cancer death and realized he had difficulty in accepting a world without him in it. After 40 years of his career studying the brain, it is built to constantly predict what happens next; minute by minute, hour by hour and so on. For instance, our brain constantly tries to predict what will happen in the next seconds as I walk along this sidewalk, as I approach a cross street, as I approach the restaurant to meet a friend for lunch etc. Therefore since biologically the brain is constantly trying to predict what will happen next (for my continued existence), it has a problem seeing the world after death. He speculates that this is why an afterlife of some type is an element of almost every religious beliefs system.

Quote from LAMAR__44

I think it makes sense to evaluate before starting a friendship or romantic relationship whether there will be net pleasure or pain, but doing this inside of relationships seems to make them feel shallow and transactional, at least for me.

For me, this process does not feel shallow or transactional in a negative sense. First as to the transactional, the positive view is apparent in the old saying: you have to be a friend to have a friend. Is it transactional? In my view, yes it is transactional, but so is every interaction with others.

As for shallowness: Some would call romantic relationships a subset of friendships, others--not. I find the study of Epicurus can sometimes divert the student from the realities of intimate relationships. It is not fully explored to my understanding in the writings of Epicurus and his followers. I can only speak to heterosexual romantic relationships. The two women I've lived with over a period of more than 50 years were selected by my (or vice versa! ) through complex mental and physical motivations that are basically undecipherable by me. However, the anticipation of physical and mental pleasure in every way certainly was justly involved. I find nothing wrong with it, indeed I think it is important to use the calculus of pleasure/pain.

Perhaps I've dug too deep into your question, but even for anticipating other friends, no less than long term partners, the process is a gradual one that only comes with engagement over time. Who has not tried to make a friendship and then over time moved away from it for lack of some element of sympatico, as it were? Life is trial and error, and that, I suggest is in the spirit of Epicurus.

Quote from Cassius

I do not believe Epicurus would view someone who would "fail to steal a loaf of bread for a starving child" as simply choosing another path in life. Epicurus would find that conduct outrageous and deserving of strong verbal condemnation if not worse. Ideas have consequences and this is the kind of result of Kantian ideology that deserves the forcefulness of a Nietzsche to condemn in adequate terms.

Why must extreme examples be used to dispute a point in discussion. Extremes are not the norm for belief in my opinion. This is an example of the type of argumentation that can be found in Lucretius that diminishes its power. Giving five examples of extremes is not helpful to deep consideration of an issue under discussion. Does anyone really think a man like Kant would actually frown on someone's act of stealing bread to feed a starving child? That example seems absurd also for the fact it is twisting fiction for philosophical argument. By the way, it was a fictional story In Les Misérables, Jean Valjean was unjustly convicted for stealing bread to feed starving children.

Quote from Cassius

I doubt any friendly meetings would last much longer than necessary to explore any ambiguities that one felt that they might have about some detail of the other.

Speaking as an Epicurean friend, I think you missed my point. I was not talking about those he was struggling against for contemporary dominance. I was referring to the progress of philosophy depending on the prior generations of great thinkers. And frankly, I wasn't talking about polemical writings of attack and counter attack that they may have engaged in. I was talking about great men who had to have respected the effort each put into thinking about their good fortune to be alive and grasping for truth in the best way they knew how.

I have seen and been with politicians who behind closed doors look for common ground no matter their public disagreements. I am not willing to believe if those men, though they would never have met across the centuries, men like Epicurus, Kant and later great men would have acted any other way in private. And I think that is a goal among friends discussing comparative philosophers as Martin did, and as I explained earlier In this post.

Quote from Cassius

I perceive I personally tend to want to confront other views more than I think that some others wish to do. And it's true that quarreling quickly gets tiresome, especially when it's readily available at Reddit. So that's why we have different sections and levels and try to meet as many needs as possible.

I think you missed my point here. I in no way was advocating "quareling quickly" which you described as "tiresome". On the contrary, I was anticipating that this forum's interactions could be designed to avoid loosely governed combat Reddit discussions may certainly contain threads where even juvenile and unsupported opinions can range far afield on many hotly contested issues. There is a lot of space between both ends of this spectrum.

I don't mind if the forum remains the same or if it adds to itself. I think I made myself clear on my reasons in support.

Sometimes this forum seems to take on the entire world as if in a black and white challenge to its philosophy. And yet, it is quite apparent that the goal of the forum is to host reasoned and frank discourse without excessive passion or extremism of any sort.

Quote from Cassius

And one of the operating presumptions of this forum is that we are dealing with "normal people" who want "normal lives lived happily" and we're not catering to those who live for the exhilaration that they apparently get from reveling in uncertainty about every question in life.

I find that surprising in my limited knowledge of forum participants. You of course must have the data to support your comment. Also, I'm at a loss over your statement, "we're not catering to those who live for the exhilaration that they apparently get from reveling in uncertainty about every question in life." Who are you referring to here? "Revelling in uncertainty" seems a bit strong for any group, no?

For conversation's sake: What philosopher actually proves anything? We've probably dealt with that issue often enough, but my devilish sense of humor drove me to ask it again.

But seriously, imagine for a moment, Epicurus and Kant, and, I don't know, Camus at a conference somewhere, together in a reserved room at the end of the day, sipping ouzo, scnapps, and napoleon brandy, and discussing their lives "back in the day". Each of them having enjoyed notoriety after being in the major leagues of existential thinking, and having read the work of the others, they talk amiably. Would they not have common respect for each other and be able to good naturedly but seriously, poke each other in the ribs verbally on this point or that? And then afterwards they all retired to their bedrooms resolving to keep their own counsel on differences among them?

Every comparison of existential concepts need not be direct testimony, cross examination, re-direct and re-cross into infinity until tempers flare.

If you are studying philosophy (as we do) at any level, you are already among the elite, and capable of thinking about competing existential concepts. I don't think anyone needs to fear that comparative points on an Epicurean forum will confuse novice students. I suspect all forum members are already leaning into Epicurus and high level discussions.

As I said previously, I'd welcome and certainly would learn from such discussions if any two or more care to engage in it.

I would like to see one aspect of this discussion of Epicurean vs Kantian perspectives in this or another thread on the forum.

I know comparatively little about Epicurus and less about Kant. However, I sense that the current distinctions between the schools being discussed carry an unspoken acknowledgment. Newer philosophies have been influenced to the good by earlier deep thinking. As much as E. differed from Socrates, he had to have been influenced to some degree by him.

If students of either school are inclined to do so, I'd enjoy reading relevant comparisons between E and Kant (and other more modern philosophers) that shows how they are similarly focused. Can it be done without avoiding the differences yet at the same time avoiding disputation?